Network Configuration in Debian 10 ¶
Preliminary downloads
Create the following VMs:
- debian1 (root/debian1, master/debian1)
- debian2 (root/debian2, master/debian2)
How to Install VirtualBox Guest Additions on Debian 10 Linux:
https://linuxize.com/post/how-to-install-virtualbox-guest-additions-on-debian-10/
Additional settings:
apt install net-tools apt install sudo echo 'export PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH' >> ~/.bashrc
View current network configuration
$ ip a
or
$ ifconfig
To find out the DNS servers IPs:
$ cat /etc/resolv.conf
Change network configuration (temporary)
Basic network configuration includes setting:
- a static or dynamic IP address
- adding a gateway
- adding DNS server information
The following commands will change network settings; however, the new settings will not be permanent: once you reboot your system, the settings will be removed.
1. Assign an IP address to the interface
sudo ifconfig <interface> <IP_address> netmask <subnetmask> up
example:
sudo ifconfig eth0 192.168.72.165 netmask 255.255.255.0 up
2. Set the Default Gateway
sudo route add default gw <IP_address> <interface>
example:
sudo route add default gw 192.168.72.2 eth0
3. Set Your DNS server
echo "nameserver <IP_address>" > /etc/resolv.conf
example:
echo "nameserver 8.8.8.8" > /etc/resolv.conf
4. Remove IP address from a network interface
ip address del <IP_address> dev <interface>
Once done, you can test your configuration by running the ifconfig command as follows:
sudo ifconfig -a
Change network settings permanently by using the interfaces file
Add a static address (file `/etc/network/interfaces`):
auto eth0 # static IP address iface eth0 inet static address 192.168.72.165 netmask 255.255.255.0 gateway 192.168.72.2
Please note that the address, netmask and gateway line must start with leading whitespace!
Dynamically assign the address (file `/etc/network/interfaces`):
auto eth0 iface eth0 inet dhcp
Defining the (DNS) Nameservers
To add DNS server information, we will need to edit the /etc/resolv.conf file.
Example:
nameserver 8.8.8.8 nameserver 192.168.72.2
Reload network settings
ifdown eth0 ifup eth0
Configurazione DHCP server
sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get install isc-dhcp-server cat /etc/default/isc-dhcp-server INTERFACESv4="enp0s10" cat /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf default-lease-time 600; max-lease-time 7200; subnet 192.168.100.64 netmask 255.255.255.224 { range 192.168.100.70 192.168.100.80; option routers 192.168.100.94; option domain-name-servers 8.8.8.8 8.8.4.4; option domain-name "acme.mo.it"; #host TOR-datacenterclient { # hardware ethernet 08:00:27:27:3a:1c; # fixed-address 192.168.100.65; #} } systemctl stop isc-dhcp-server systemctl start isc-dhcp-server tail -f /var/log/syslog
Comandi utili
ip addr route route -n ip route